The most common explanation is that steel is named after the capital city of Syria, Damascus, the largest of the cities in the ancient Levant. In Arabic, the word 'damas' means 'watered', and Damascus blades are often described as having a water-pattern on their surface.Al-Biruni refers to a sword-smith called Damasqui who made swords of crucible steel.Al-Kindi called swords forged in Damascus in Siberia as 'Damascene', but it is important to note that these swords were not described as having a wavy pattern appearance on the surface of the steel.And there is a mention from both scholars of 'damscene' or 'damascus' when describing the swords to some extent.ĭrawing upon these references, there are three possible sources from where the term Damascus originates from in the context of steel: The origin of the name "Damascus Steel" is contentious: two Islamic scholars Al-Kindi and Al-Biruni (from circa 800-873 CE) both wrote about swords and steels for swords based on the appearance, geographical location of where they were produced or forged, or the name of the blacksmith. Weapons forged from Damascus steel were far superior to those formed from just iron. Aside from its sleek look and beautiful aesthetics, Damascus steel is highly valued as it is hard and flexible while maintaining a sharp edge. Damascus steel is a type of steel easily recognisable by its wavy patterned design.
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